All posts tagged: eruptions

Volcanic eruptions in the distant past may have led to ocean current collapse

Volcanic eruptions in the distant past may have led to ocean current collapse

Published by Jenni Sidey

A massive volcanic eruption can cool the planet within months. What happens next may take centuries. Currently, this potential consequence is a large part of current research being conducted on the Earth’s climate system, focusing on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). A subset of ocean currents, the AMOC distributes and redistributes heat across the Northern Atlantic Ocean, which helps to maintain a relatively mild climate in Northern Europe. If there is a weakening or collapse of the AMOC in the future, there will likely be a drastic change in the climate of this area and other areas connected to the AMOC. Volcanic Forcing and Ocean Circulation Sensitivity An international team of scientists, including teams from the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen, conducted research to determine if volcanic eruptions act as a driving force for more expansive changes within the AMOC coordinate system. Their results suggest that the AMOC is likely far more responsive to disturbances from outside forces than was previously realized. Records of explosive volcanism during the Holocene. (CREDIT: Science) …

NASA spots colossal eruptions shaking Io — Jupiter’s most volcanic moon

NASA spots colossal eruptions shaking Io — Jupiter’s most volcanic moon

Published by Jenni Sidey

NASA has recorded the most powerful volcanic eruption outside of Earth on Io, one of Jupiter’s moons. On December 27, 2022, Juno, NASA’s spacecraft, witnessed numerous active volcanoes erupting simultaneously and releasing far more energy than any other eruption recorded in the solar system to date. A team of researchers from Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) published a paper summarizing the results of their analysis of Juno’s infrared instrument data. It is believed that Io’s volcanism may be connected beneath the surface by a large network of magma reservoirs. Io currently holds the record for being the most volcanically active body in the solar system, with an estimated 400 active volcanoes. However, this most recent eruption was unprecedented. The eruption covered approximately 40,400 square miles, which is larger than many U.S. states, and released between 140 and 260 terawatts. By comparison, the infamous 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption released around 52 terawatts. Unprecedented Observations From Juno “It is also notable that this eruption occurred simultaneously from multiple active sources; as such, the eruption increased …

Synchronised volcanic eruptions on Io hint at a spongy interior

Synchronised volcanic eruptions on Io hint at a spongy interior

Published by skeptic

A volcanic eruption on Io photographed by the Galileo spacecraft NASA/JPL/DLR Five volcanoes on Jupiter’s moon Io erupted all at once in a cataclysm of lava. This means that they are probably all connected to the same underground magma network, which will help solve the mystery of Io’s insides. At the end of 2024, researchers monitoring Io via NASA’s Juno spacecraft saw an unusually enormous lava flow near its south pole. “There was this one gigantic eruption and lava flow, and that’s what first caught our eye, but on second look, all these other hotspots lit up as well,” says Jani Radebaugh at Brigham Young University in Utah. “There’s so much magma that we can’t quite wrap our minds around it.” The erupted lava spanned an area of about 65,000 square kilometres and released more energy than any eruption previously spotted on Io. “Picture standing at the edge of one of these features, and the valley that has been cold suddenly fills up with an entire lake of lava. As it fills up, you turn …

Lava spills as Hawaii’s Kilauea resumes eruptions

Lava spills as Hawaii’s Kilauea resumes eruptions

Published by Sam Flores

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