All posts tagged: iris murdoch

Iris Murdoch’s Psychology of Haunting: Fantasy, Ethical Attention, and the Spectral Past

Iris Murdoch’s Psychology of Haunting: Fantasy, Ethical Attention, and the Spectral Past

Iris Murdoch’s fiction is filled with the uncanny and the weird: drowned bodies, vampiric presences, telekinetic objects, angelic visitations, prophetic dreams, and adolescent “feyness.” Yet these phenomena are rarely reducible to her gothic atmosphere or the supernatural. Instead, Murdoch develops a psychology of haunting: a moral-psychological and ethical structure in which the spectral registers the persistence of trauma, the distortions of egoistic fantasy, and the unresolved presence of the past. There has been a significant amount of attention given to Murdoch’s explicitly gothic novels— The Flight from the Enchanter, The Bell, The Unicorn, The Italian Girl, The Time of the Angels—yet the supernatural flows consistently throughout Murdoch’s fictional work, far beyond her early gothic phase. From Jake Donoghue’s perception of Sadie Quentin as a witch in Under the Net to the strange angelic residue of Jackson in Jackson’s Dilemma, haunting becomes an enduring feature of Murdoch’s fictional world. The question is not whether Murdoch “believes” in ghosts but what psychological and ethical work haunting performs. (Details for all of Murdoch’s fictional works can be found …

Solidarity, Self-Deprivation, and Selflessness | Blog of the APA

Solidarity, Self-Deprivation, and Selflessness | Blog of the APA

When a person or group of people lack a particular good, others will sometimes act in solidarity with them by depriving themselves of that good too. For example, while leading his army through the desert, Alexander the Great is fabled to have refused a helmet filled with water, preferring to undergo the soldiers’ suffering with them than to accept something which they couldn’t have. Or again, imagine that a group of soldiers has been captured as prisoners of war. After some weeks, one of the POWs is approached and offered early release, as his father is a high-ranking officer. Yet he refuses, choosing to remain captive with his fellow soldiers. (As some readers may recognize, this example is based on the experiences of the late Senator John McCain during his service in the Vietnam War.) Here’s one last example. In the 1940’s, an Indian woman—call her ‘KC’—is travelling across the American South by train. At a stop, the train conductor informs her that she is seated in a carriage reserved for White passengers. However, thinking …

Loving Attention and Aesthetic Appreciation

Loving Attention and Aesthetic Appreciation

Might my love of Picasso make me a better partner? Can appreciating artworks improve my capacity for loving attention in my relationships? Philosophers of art have long doubted that simply engaging with artworks can improve our character. Plenty of avid art-lovers are no kinder or fairer than the rest of us. So why think that spending time with artworks would make us better lovers? Iris Murdoch thinks there is significant overlap in how we admire artworks and those we love. In fact, Murdoch suggests that that the kind of attention we give to artworks models the attention required for our loving relationships. Murdoch famously couches love as a kind of vision: “the patient eye of love.” To love someone well requires seeing them clearly: stripping away the fantasies, projections, and self-serving narratives we habitually project onto others. Such projections obscure, rather than illuminate, the other’s reality. The work of attention is to see the other more clearly which requires what Murdoch call unselfing. Unselfing involves silencing the ego’s noisy demands so that reality outside the …