Data teams building AI agents keep running into the same failure mode. Questions that require joining structured data with unstructured content, sales figures alongside customer reviews or citation counts alongside academic papers, break single-turn RAG systems.  New research from Databricks puts a number on that failure gap. The company’s AI research team tested a multi-step agentic approach against state-of-the-art single-turn RAG baselines across nine enterprise knowledge tasks and reported gains of 20% or more on Stanford’s STaRK benchmark suite, along with consistent improvement across Databricks’ own KARLBench evaluation framework, according to the research. Databricks argues the performance gap between single-turn RAG and multi-step agents on hybrid data tasks is an architectural problem, not a model quality problem. The work builds on Databricks’ earlier instructed retriever research, which showed retrieval improvements on unstructured data using metadata-aware queries. This latest research adds structured data sources, relational tables and SQL warehouses, into the same reasoning loop, addressing the class of questions enterprises most commonly fail to answer with current agent architectures. “RAG works, but it doesn’t scale,” Michael …