All posts tagged: biomechanics

Researchers find a surprising human bias toward counterclockwise motion

Researchers find a surprising human bias toward counterclockwise motion

A crowd does not need a leader to fall into step. In public spaces, people sort themselves into lanes, avoid collisions, and slip through bottlenecks with surprising ease. Now a new study suggests that when people move freely and turn, most lean in one direction: counterclockwise. That pattern appeared so consistently that it stopped being a curiosity and became the main story. Researchers from the University of Navarra in Spain, working with collaborators at the University of Tokyo in Japan, tested pedestrians in several settings to see whether turning behavior followed any clear rules. Across experiments in both countries, people showed a strong preference for turning counterclockwise rather than clockwise. The findings were published in Nature Communications. The project began during the COVID-19 pandemic, when scientists were studying how people move through shared spaces and how to preserve social distance of about 2 meters, or 6.6 feet. But while reviewing video from one experiment, the team noticed something unexpected. Taken from above, this annotated image shows a school ground in Spain and the motions of …

BioCoach uses AI and biomechanics to give real-time exercise feedback at home

BioCoach uses AI and biomechanics to give real-time exercise feedback at home

A squat can look simple until it starts going wrong. Knees drift, backs round, shoulders tighten, and without someone watching closely, small mistakes can pile up into pain or injury. That problem became harder to ignore during the pandemic, when many people moved their workouts into living rooms and garages. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission reported a 48% rise in injuries related to at-home exercise. Now a research team from Drexel University and Michigan State University says it has built an artificial intelligence system designed to do more than count reps or cheer from the screen. Their prototype, called BioCoach, analyzes exercise video in real time and delivers feedback aimed at form, timing, and body mechanics, with explanations for why the advice matters. “Many people who exercise at home with videos and apps don’t get high-quality assessment of their movements,” said Feng Liu, PhD, an assistant professor in Drexel’s College of Engineering and Computing, who led the research. “Feedback is often too generic or simply encouragement but no actual form coaching. Our goal with …

The odd ways mammals descend trees and what it means for primate evolution

The odd ways mammals descend trees and what it means for primate evolution

A monkey descending a tree trunk often keeps its head up, moving almost like a cautious climber backing down a ladder. Squirrels and many other mammals, by contrast, tend to go headfirst. That difference turns out to carry clues about how primates evolved their distinctive upright postures. A new comparative analysis of tree-dwelling mammals, published in eLife, examined how animals move down vertical supports such as trunks and vines. The research compared 21 arboreal species, from primates to rodents and marsupials, making it the first broad study to analyze both upward and downward climbing across many mammal groups. The results point to a pattern shaped not just by body size, but by evolutionary history and anatomy. “While not all arboreal mammals traverse narrow terminal branches, they all rely on vertical supports to reach tree canopies,” said lead author Séverine Toussaint of the Center for Research on Paleontology in Paris. “Their ability to safely descend sloping and vertical supports remains important, yet largely understudied.” Two species from the study – a raccoon (Procyon lotor) and mongoose …

New discoveries in biomechanics by highly accurate digital twins

New discoveries in biomechanics by highly accurate digital twins

The dealii-X project aims to create highly accurate digital twins of human organs using advanced computational models, enhancing insights into biomechanics and improving medical understanding and treatment of diseases. The project “dealii-X: an Exascale Framework for Digital Twins of the Human Body” is one of the EuroHPC Centres of Excellence, aiming to develop a scalable, high-performance computational platform to create accurate digital twins of human organs. The project has a strong mathematical component and builds on the deal.II library,¹ a toolbox for enabling the rapid development of finite element models for the numerical approximation of the solution of partial differential equations. These models have traditionally been used to describe a wide variety of engineering problems, be it how heat spreads through a device, how a bridge bends under load, or how sound moves through the air, all of which are solved by representing the underlying laws of physics on a computer. The key idea is to break a complicated shape into many small, simple pieces (elements), approximate the solution within each piece, and then stitch …