All posts tagged: lack

What Do People Who Are Conscious But Lack a Cortex Demonstrate?

What Do People Who Are Conscious But Lack a Cortex Demonstrate?

Hydranencephaly means that the two brain spheres are largely absent. It is not to be confused with hydrocephalus, which just means water on the brain. Recently, neurosurgeon Michael Egnor and I have been looking at the claims made in an article in Popular Mechanics in connection with our book, The Immortal Mind: (2025). The many misconceptions the PM article introduced have provided us with an opportunity to discuss some topics at greater length than we could do in the book. One of these topics is people who are born without a cortex. From the PM article: He also talks about near-death experiences, current theories of consciousness, and the concept of hydranencephaly, a rare condition where a patient is missing large parts of their cerebral cortex. That this condition exists disproves all current theories of consciousness, says Egnor in our interview, because they all maintain it originates in the cortex. There have only been a few documented cases of hydranencephaly in the literature. Steven Novella, a Yale School of Medicine neuroscientist, and Newsome both stressed that …

Why Egnor Finds Neuroscientists’ Lack of Curiosity “Unbelievable”

Why Egnor Finds Neuroscientists’ Lack of Curiosity “Unbelievable”

Neurosurgeon Michael Egnor and I have been discussing the claims made in an article in Popular Mechanics last month in connection with our recent book, The Immortal Mind (2025). We ended up talking, as we often do, about the remarkable work of pioneer neurosurgeon Wilder Penfield (1891–1976) at the “Neuro,” the Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, especially with patients with epilepsy. From the article: Penfield postulated that people often experienced certain emotions or conjured specific memories during seizures but were not overcome with abstract thought. That Penfield could not pinpoint the place where abstract thought exists in the brain, and that calculus is not conjured during seizures is proof, in Egnor’s eyes, of an immaterial mind distinct from the brain. Michael Egnor: That’s just a gross misrepresentation. Penfield was not, specifically, trying to pinpoint where abstract thought comes from in the brain because nobody, including Penfield or anybody, thinks that abstract thought comes from a spot. You can stimulate movement from the brain, you can stimulate arousal, you can stimulate perceptions, you can stimulate memories, you can …

Lack of evidence could ‘challenge’ reforms, say EEF

Lack of evidence could ‘challenge’ reforms, say EEF

A lack of evidence on what works to support pupils with SEND could pose a “challenge” to reforms, the government’s go-to body for showing what works in education has warned. The Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) has responded to the Department for Education’s SEND consultation, which closed on May 18. Proposed reforms would see mainstream schools support more SEND pupils, while education, health and care plans (EHCPs) would be reserved for pupils with the most complex needs. ‘Significant evidence gaps’ However, the EEF said there remained “significant evidence gaps” in terms what works for SEND pupils, with some research required that “does not yet exist”. “The DfE’s ambition to ensure that high quality evidence informs education decisions in relation to SEND is important. “However at present the gaps in the current evidence base mean that there are areas where that is likely to be challenging given the many practices for which high quality evidence does not yet exist.” The EEF also said there was a “practice gap”, and that it was important that teachers engage with …

Artificial intelligence tools answer addiction questions accurately but lack medical nuance

Artificial intelligence tools answer addiction questions accurately but lack medical nuance

Artificial intelligence chatbots regularly answer public queries about sensitive health topics such as addiction, providing mostly accurate but highly generalized information. A recent evaluation found that while chatbot responses align broadly with national guidelines, they often lack the situational details necessary for individualized health decisions. These descriptive findings were recently published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Substance use disorder is a chronic medical condition defined by the compulsive use of drugs or alcohol despite adverse physical, social, or emotional consequences. The official medical diagnostic framework views the condition on a spectrum of severity rather than applying a binary label of addiction. This diagnosis reflects changes in brain function that lead to cravings, physical tolerance, and withdrawal symptoms. In the United States alone, nearly fifty million people over the age of twelve met the diagnostic criteria for this condition in recent health surveys. Despite the availability of medical treatments, care for addiction remains heavily underutilized. Medical providers face institutional limitations, time constraints, and a lack of specific training regarding the condition. At the same …

Trump’s trip letdown, lack of Iran progress trigger sell-off

Trump’s trip letdown, lack of Iran progress trigger sell-off

Few deliverables from Beijing The moves in bonds, oil and stocks gained momentum as President Donald Trump and his top officials discussed their historic summit with Chinese officials in Beijing. So far, the trip does not appear to have resulted in many major business or trade deals, known as “deliverables” in diplomatic-speak. “Markets didn’t hear enough from Beijing to turn more optimistic on the [Persian] Gulf,” ING analysts wrote in a note to clients on Friday. Earlier in the week, tech stocks had rallied after Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang joined Trump’s trip to China on Tuesday evening at the last minute. Markets viewed Huang’s participation as a sign that U.S. export controls on China might be partially lifted. But those hopes were quickly dashed. “We did not talk about chip export controls at the meeting” between Trump and China’s President Xi Jinping, said U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer on Bloomberg Television Thursday. President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping tour Zhongnanhai Garden in Beijing on Friday.Evan Vucci / Getty Images Meanwhile, Trump himself said …

Khloe Kardashian questions lack of information about Nancy Guthrie’s disappearance

Khloe Kardashian questions lack of information about Nancy Guthrie’s disappearance

Get the latest entertainment news, reviews and star-studded interviews with our Independent Culture email Get the latest entertainment news with our free Culture newsletter Get the latest entertainment news with our free Culture newsletter Khloé Kardashian has questioned the ongoing investigation of Nancy Guthrie’s “heartbreaking” disappearance, four months after police believe she was abducted. The 84-year-old mother of Today anchor Savannah Guthrie disappeared from her Arizona home on the morning of February 1, prompting a nationwide search for the missing woman. No suspect has been identified, and there is still no evidence to indicate whether Nancy is alive. Kardashian, 41, addressed Nancy’s disappearance on Wednesday’s episode of her podcast, Khloé in Wonder Land, while speaking to Crime Junkie podcast host Ashley Flowers. “I mean, is that not heartbreaking?” the reality star said of the case. “This is 2026. There is nothing? That is mind-blowing.” “I can’t even believe that. But I’m also very conspiratorial,” Flowers responded, to which Kardashian replied: “Me too.” Khloé Kardashian said there’s ‘not one piece of information’ about missing person Nancy …

Isolated places struggle with a lack of year-round flights : NPR

Isolated places struggle with a lack of year-round flights : NPR

Joe Castellana often has to drive several hours to complete the 120-mile trip from his home on the tip of Cape Cod in Provincetown, Mass., to Boston, especially during the summer. He can fly but commercial flights aren’t offered during the off-season. Provincetown’s ongoing effort to restore year-round air service is a microcosm of how difficult it can be to get commercial flights in remote places. Agata Storer for NPR hide caption toggle caption Agata Storer for NPR When Joe Castellana drives to Boston from his home in Provincetown, Massachusetts, at the very northern tip of Cape Cod, he considers himself lucky if the 120-mile ride takes two hours. That, he says, is “rare, very rare.” Because while Provincetown can be desolate in the winter, it’s a tourism hot spot in the summer, when its population of 3,500 people balloons to 60,000. And during that high season, the drive to the state capital can be an extremely long slog. “When I’ve had to go to Boston, let’s say for a 10 or 11 o’clock appointment …

Taiwan’s Lai lands in Eswatini in a trip delayed by lack of overflight clearance : NPR

Taiwan’s Lai lands in Eswatini in a trip delayed by lack of overflight clearance : NPR

FILE – Taiwan President Lai Ching-te delivers a speech as he inspects Taiwanese reservists participating in reserve military training in Ilan County, Eastern Taiwan, Tuesday, Dec. 2, 2025. ChiangYing-ying/AP hide caption toggle caption ChiangYing-ying/AP TAIPEI, Taiwan — Taiwan’s President Lai Ching-te said he arrived in the African nation of Eswatini on Saturday, days after his government was forced to push back the trip when several countries withdrew permission for him to fly over their territories reportedly over Chinese pressure. In a post on X, Lai said he arrived in Eswatini — Taiwan’s only diplomatic ally in Africa — to “affirm our longstanding friendship.” He said that Taiwan, a self-ruled democracy that China considers part of its territory, “will never be deterred by external pressures.” Lai was originally scheduled to visit the southern African country from April 22, but Taiwanese officials said that flight permits were revoked by Seychelles, Mauritius and Madagascar over “strong pressure from the Chinese authorities, including economic coercion.” In a separate Facebook post on Saturday, Lai wrote that the visit was made …